← Eli Lilly and Company

LLY · Forward model

Revenue by vertical, 20 quarters out

Each segment is projected from its own operating driver, rolled up into consolidated cash flow, and discounted back to a fair value per share. The assumptions below are editable — change them and every number on this page moves with them.

Eli Lilly operates as a SINGLE reportable segment. The five verticals here are the ASC 606 disaggregation of revenue by therapeutic area that Lilly publishes in the 10-Q and 10-K revenue note - Cardiometabolic Health, Oncology, Immunology, Neuroscience and Other - and nothing finer is modelled, because nothing finer is disclosed. Revenue splits; profitability does not. Eight of the ten quarters are read directly from three-month columns in five 10-Qs; the two fourth quarters are derived as full year minus nine months and are marked estimated on every line. The five verticals sum to the reported $22,974M of 2026 Q2 revenue exactly, with no plug, and reconcile within $1.1M of rounding in all ten quarters. History stops at 2024 Q1 on purpose: the 2024-vintage filings label the largest line 'Diabetes and obesity' and their area lines do not sum to consolidated revenue, so splicing 2023 on would import a definitional break into exactly the place the seasonal factors are read from. No per-therapeutic-area margin exists in any filing, so all five verticals carry the same consolidated 52.2% EBITDA margin: the guided FY2026 non-GAAP performance-margin midpoint of 49.75%, which is the company's own gross margin less R&D less MS&A, plus 2.4 points of depreciation and amortisation from the H1 cash-flow statement. The 8.0% corporate overhead is the acquired in-process R&D charge treated as an ongoing cost of the pipeline rather than a one-off; it is an assumption, calibrated so that the first projected quarter's 26.2% FCF margin sits just above the 25.2% Lilly actually printed in H1 2026, and it is far below the 12.1% of revenue that 2026 Q2's own $2,776M charge represented. Capex intensity starts at the disclosed H1 2026 rate of 12.3% and glides toward 8.0%; the $4.5 billion Indiana manufacturing commitment is NOT added as a separate capital programme because it is already inside that capex rate and would otherwise be counted twice. Tax is the guided 18-19% non-GAAP rate at 18.5%, applied unlevered - interest is not deducted from cash flow because the $45.96 billion of net debt is deducted from enterprise value instead. The base case does NOT match the FY2026 revenue guide and does not pretend to: it prints $89.8 billion against the guided $85.0-$87.0 billion, and the reason is arithmetic rather than optimism - holding every one of the five lines at zero deseasonalised growth still produces $87.9 billion, because the guided range implies an H2 below the Q2 run rate that the deseasonalised series has never printed. The bear case is where guidance is taken literally, and it lands at $85.9 billion.

LLY REVENUE MODEL

Latest: $34.09B (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $8.77B
2024Q2 $11.30B
2024Q3 $11.44B
2024Q4 $13.53B
2025Q1 $12.73B
2025Q2 $15.56B
2025Q3 $17.60B
2025Q4 $19.29B
2026Q1 $19.80B
2026Q2 $22.97B
2026Q3E $22.78B
2026Q4E $24.23B
2027Q1E $22.13B
2027Q2E $25.22B
2027Q3E $25.16B
2027Q4E $26.64B
2028Q1E $24.26B
2028Q2E $27.54B
2028Q3E $27.38B
2028Q4E $28.91B
2029Q1E $26.27B
2029Q2E $29.76B
2029Q3E $29.52B
2029Q4E $31.10B
2030Q1E $28.22B
2030Q2E $31.92B
2030Q3E $31.62B
2030Q4E $33.28B
2031Q1E $30.17B
2031Q2E $34.09B

What drives each segment

Cardiometabolic Health

Growth path
Basis quarter$18.35B
Final quarter$27.75B
Implied CAGR+9%
Share of revenue, final quarter81%
PV of segment cash flow$151.59B

Tirzepatide - Mounjaro and Zepbound - plus the legacy diabetes base and the first quarter of oral orforglipron (Foundayo). At $18,353M it was 79.9% of 2026 Q2 revenue and grew 61.8% year over year while the other four areas together grew 8.2%. Lilly publishes no prescriptions, doses or patients by therapeutic area, so a growth driver on the disclosed revenue line is the only shape the disclosure supports.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $13.18B Reported
2025 Q4 $14.49B Estimated
2026 Q1 $15.76B Reported
2026 Q2 $18.35B Reported
MounjaroZepboundTrulicityJardianceFoundayo (orforglipron)other cardiometabolic health
Sequential growth +3.0%/qtr decaying toward +1.5% 3.0% deseasonalised. The basis quarter itself ran +3.9% on that series once the disclosed $250M Jardiance milestone is removed.
Cardiometabolic Health

Latest: $27.75B (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $5.49B
2024Q2 $7.51B
2024Q3 $7.41B
2024Q4 $9.11B
2025Q1 $9.21B
2025Q2 $11.34B
2025Q3 $13.18B
2025Q4 $14.49B
2026Q1 $15.76B
2026Q2 $18.35B
2026Q3E $17.96B
2026Q4E $18.97B
2027Q1E $17.80B
2027Q2E $20.21B
2027Q3E $19.95B
2027Q4E $20.98B
2028Q1E $19.60B
2028Q2E $22.17B
2028Q3E $21.82B
2028Q4E $22.88B
2029Q1E $21.32B
2029Q2E $24.05B
2029Q3E $23.62B
2029Q4E $24.71B
2030Q1E $22.99B
2030Q2E $25.90B
2030Q3E $25.39B
2030Q4E $26.54B
2031Q1E $24.65B
2031Q2E $27.75B

Assumptions & reasoning

  • Seasonality [0.938, 1.038, 1.000, 1.027] is the brief's OLS of log revenue on a time trend plus calendar-quarter dummies over 2024 Q1-2026 Q2, re-centred to mean 1.0. Read it as 'Q1 about 6% below trend, Q4 about 3% above': the CFO named both mechanisms on the call, European Q3 holidays and US type 2 diabetes Q4 seasonality. The Q2 factor is the least reliable, moving 0.053 between the two eight-quarter windows against a 0.038 deviation from 1.0.
  • With seasonality on, growthQoQ is a deseasonalised trend rate and not the sequential print. The model's first two projected quarters for this line are $17,964M and $18,975M, which is +36.3% and +30.9% year over year against the reported $13,177.9M of 2025 Q3 and $14,492.1M of 2025 Q4.
  • Foundayo (orforglipron) booked $98M in 2026 Q2, its first partial quarter, and is reported inside this line in the 10-Q disaggregation. It is not split out as its own vertical because doing so would require inventing nine quarters of history it does not have.
  • Trulicity is in structural decline - FY2023 $7,132M, FY2024 $5,254M, FY2025 $4,276M - and is being cannibalised by Mounjaro from inside the same line.

Oncology

Growth path
Basis quarter$2.57B
Final quarter$3.30B
Implied CAGR+5%
Share of revenue, final quarter10%
PV of segment cash flow$19.83B

Verzenio plus a broadening portfolio - Jaypirca, Retevmo and the 2026 launch Inluriyo. At $2,570M it is 11.2% of revenue and grew 6.5% year over year, so it is ballast rather than growth: it funds the pipeline without changing the terminal value.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $2.41B Reported
2025 Q4 $2.61B Estimated
2026 Q1 $2.27B Reported
2026 Q2 $2.57B Reported
VerzenioJaypircaInluriyoother oncology
Sequential growth +1.6%/qtr decaying toward +1.0% 1.6% deseasonalised, the average of the last four quarters on that series (+6.8%, -0.2%, -0.4%, +9.7%, then -2.4%).
Oncology

Latest: $3.30B (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $1.81B
2024Q2 $2.16B
2024Q3 $2.23B
2024Q4 $2.55B
2025Q1 $1.95B
2025Q2 $2.41B
2025Q3 $2.41B
2025Q4 $2.61B
2026Q1 $2.27B
2026Q2 $2.57B
2026Q3E $2.61B
2026Q4E $2.88B
2027Q1E $2.32B
2027Q2E $2.73B
2027Q3E $2.76B
2027Q4E $3.05B
2028Q1E $2.45B
2028Q2E $2.88B
2028Q3E $2.91B
2028Q4E $3.21B
2029Q1E $2.57B
2029Q2E $3.02B
2029Q3E $3.05B
2029Q4E $3.36B
2030Q1E $2.69B
2030Q2E $3.16B
2030Q3E $3.19B
2030Q4E $3.51B
2031Q1E $2.82B
2031Q2E $3.30B

Assumptions & reasoning

  • Seasonality [0.876, 1.017, 1.016, 1.105] is the cleanest shape in the company: a 12% Q1 trough and a 10% Q4 peak, stable to within 0.023 across the two eight-quarter windows with residual noise of 0.022 log-points. It is consistent with US buy-and-bill oncology behaviour around benefit-year resets.
  • Verzenio is flat to slightly down in the US - 2026 Q2 US revenue $845M against $929M a year earlier - with outside-US growth carrying the line.
  • Inluriyo is a 2026 launch and booked $75M in the basis quarter, its second quarter of sales; it is inside this line, not broken out.

Immunology

Growth path
Basis quarter$1.42B
Final quarter$2.17B
Implied CAGR+9%
Share of revenue, final quarter6%
PV of segment cash flow$12.48B

Taltz plus the Omvoh and Ebglyss launches. At $1,417M it is 6.2% of revenue and grew 12.9% year over year, the fastest of the non-cardiometabolic lines, and all of that growth sits in the launches rather than in Taltz.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $1.36B Reported
2025 Q4 $1.54B Estimated
2026 Q1 $1.20B Reported
2026 Q2 $1.42B Reported
TaltzOmvohEbglyssother immunology
Sequential growth +3.0%/qtr decaying toward +1.5% 3.0% deseasonalised, just under the 3.1% four-quarter average on that series and below the 3.8% six-quarter average.
Immunology

Latest: $2.17B (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $834M
2024Q2 $1.08B
2024Q3 $1.19B
2024Q4 $1.29B
2025Q1 $1.09B
2025Q2 $1.26B
2025Q3 $1.36B
2025Q4 $1.54B
2026Q1 $1.20B
2026Q2 $1.42B
2026Q3E $1.55B
2026Q4E $1.70B
2027Q1E $1.33B
2027Q2E $1.58B
2027Q3E $1.72B
2027Q4E $1.88B
2028Q1E $1.46B
2028Q2E $1.74B
2028Q3E $1.88B
2028Q4E $2.05B
2029Q1E $1.59B
2029Q2E $1.88B
2029Q3E $2.04B
2029Q4E $2.22B
2030Q1E $1.71B
2030Q2E $2.03B
2030Q3E $2.19B
2030Q4E $2.38B
2031Q1E $1.84B
2031Q2E $2.17B

Assumptions & reasoning

  • Seasonality [0.853, 0.991, 1.053, 1.123] is a 15% Q1 trough and a 12% Q4 peak, the classic US specialty-pharmacy gross-to-net pattern of a January deductible reset followed by fourth-quarter stocking. Window-to-window spread never exceeds 0.018 against factor deviations of up to 0.147.
  • Taltz is flat year over year at $856M against $848M; the whole increase in the line is 'other immunology' at $561M against $408M, which is Omvoh and Ebglyss.
  • The basis-quarter release records FDA approval of an every-eight-week Ebglyss maintenance dose, which supports the launch trajectory but is not separately quantified.

Neuroscience

Growth path
Basis quarter$429M
Final quarter$632M
Implied CAGR+8%
Share of revenue, final quarter2%
PV of segment cash flow$3.73B

Kisunla ramping inside a decaying legacy base. At $429M it is 1.9% of revenue, the smallest therapeutic line and the least consequential to the valuation, but it is the one line whose disclosed history is a launch curve rather than a business.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $316M Reported
2025 Q4 $459M Estimated
2026 Q1 $382M Reported
2026 Q2 $429M Reported
Kisunlaother neuroscience
Sequential growth +4.0%/qtr decaying toward +1.0% 4.0% a quarter, half the noisy 8.2% four-quarter average, because the ramp sits inside a legacy base that is still shrinking.
Neuroscience

Latest: $632M (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $389M
2024Q2 $340M
2024Q3 $352M
2024Q4 $394M
2025Q1 $272M
2025Q2 $344M
2025Q3 $316M
2025Q4 $459M
2026Q1 $382M
2026Q2 $429M
2026Q3E $446M
2026Q4E $462M
2027Q1E $477M
2027Q2E $490M
2027Q3E $503M
2027Q4E $514M
2028Q1E $525M
2028Q2E $536M
2028Q3E $545M
2028Q4E $555M
2029Q1E $564M
2029Q2E $572M
2029Q3E $580M
2029Q4E $588M
2030Q1E $596M
2030Q2E $603M
2030Q3E $611M
2030Q4E $618M
2031Q1E $625M
2031Q2E $632M

Assumptions & reasoning

  • Left ASEASONAL on the research brief's own diagnostics: residual noise of 0.110 log-points is the largest of any line and is of the same order as the apparent Q4 uplift, whose estimate moves from 1.234 to 1.190 between the two windows. Fitting a season here would be fitting the Kisunla ramp, not a repeating calendar shape.
  • Kisunla grew from $49M in 2025 Q2 to $167M in 2026 Q2 while the rest of the line shrank, so the reported total understates the launch and overstates the base.
  • Outside-US neuroscience revenue fell from $2,183M in FY2023 to $694M in FY2024 to $394M in FY2025, which is why the ten-quarter history for this line is not a stable base to extrapolate from.

Other

Growth path
Basis quarter$205M
Final quarter$237M
Implied CAGR+3%
Share of revenue, final quarter1%
PV of segment cash flow$1.51B

Collaboration, royalty and non-therapeutic revenue. At $205M it is 0.9% of the company and lumpy by construction: it moves when contracts say it does, not when the calendar does, so it is modelled as close to flat.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $337M Reported
2025 Q4 $191M Estimated
2026 Q1 $187M Reported
2026 Q2 $205M Reported
collaboration and other revenue
Sequential growth +1.0%/qtr decaying toward +0.5% 1.0% a quarter, well below the 7.9% four-quarter average, because that average is driven by one $337M quarter in 2025 Q3.
Other

Latest: $237M (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $242M
2024Q2 $208M
2024Q3 $263M
2024Q4 $191M
2025Q1 $213M
2025Q2 $202M
2025Q3 $337M
2025Q4 $191M
2026Q1 $187M
2026Q2 $205M
2026Q3E $207M
2026Q4E $209M
2027Q1E $211M
2027Q2E $213M
2027Q3E $214M
2027Q4E $216M
2028Q1E $218M
2028Q2E $219M
2028Q3E $221M
2028Q4E $223M
2029Q1E $224M
2029Q2E $226M
2029Q3E $227M
2029Q4E $228M
2030Q1E $230M
2030Q2E $231M
2030Q3E $233M
2030Q4E $234M
2031Q1E $235M
2031Q2E $237M

Assumptions & reasoning

  • Left ASEASONAL on the brief's own diagnostics: the apparent Q3 factor of 1.33 rests on two observations, $262.8M in 2024 Q3 and $337.2M in 2025 Q3, and the Q1 factor moves 0.104 between the two windows - larger than three of the four factors' deviation from 1.0.
  • The 2024-vintage 10-Q presented a narrower 'Other' line, $50.0M for 2024 Q2 against the restated $207.6M, and only the restated basis makes the five areas sum to reported consolidated revenue. Every figure here is on the restated basis.
Scenarios

Where each case comes from

Bear case — primary sources

The primary sources this case is built from — filings, calls and posts. Where they are claims by an interested party rather than disclosures, every number in the Bear column is what happens if they are taken at face value.

Ricks case — primary sources

The primary sources this case is built from — filings, calls and posts. Where they are claims by an interested party rather than disclosures, every number in the Ricks column is what happens if they are taken at face value.

Valuation

From cash flow to fair value

Present value of free cash flow, 20 quarters$124.50B
Terminal-year revenue$129.16B
Terminal-year EBITDA$57.09B
Exit multiple, on revenue6.0x
Terminal value$774.97B
Discounted at 8.0% a year, terminal value becomes$527.43B
Enterprise value$651.93B
Net cash-$45.96B
Equity value$605.97B
Shares0.89B
Fair value per share$678.07
Against the current price of $1,176.10-42%

8% discount rate: a large-cap pharma WACC, near-zero equity beta premium over the market offset by patent-cliff terminal risk. 6.0x exit EV/revenue is an assumption, not a comp-derived figure - comparable multiples were not verified in the research pass and must not be quoted as evidence. It is a de-rated large-cap pharma terminal multiple on the view that today's 13.5x EV to guided FY2026 revenue is a growth multiple unlikely to survive to 2031. On the model's terminal four quarters - $129.2bn of revenue and $57.1bn of EBITDA after the corporate overhead - 6.0x revenue is 13.6x EBITDA. The scenarios move it from 4.5x to 8.5x, and the exit multiple is the single largest lever in this model - larger than any plausible margin or growth change.

Read the other way round: at $1,176.10 the market is paying 11.1x terminal-year revenue, holding every other assumption on this page fixed. That is the number to argue about.

Quarter by quarter

The projected path

Quarter Cardiometabolic HealthOncologyImmunologyNeuroscienceOther Revenue YoY EBITDA Capex FCF R40 PV of FCF
2026 Q3E $17.96B$2.61B$1.55B$446M$207M $22.78B +29% $10.07B $2.75B $5.96B +56 $5.85B
2026 Q4E $18.97B$2.88B$1.70B$462M$209M $24.23B +26% $10.71B $2.88B $6.38B +52 $6.14B
2027 Q1E $17.80B$2.32B$1.33B$477M$211M $22.13B +12% $9.78B $2.59B $5.86B +38 $5.54B
2027 Q2E $20.21B$2.73B$1.58B$490M$213M $25.22B +10% $11.15B $2.90B $6.72B +36 $6.22B
2027 Q3E $19.95B$2.76B$1.72B$503M$214M $25.16B +10% $11.12B $2.85B $6.74B +37 $6.12B
2027 Q4E $20.98B$3.05B$1.88B$514M$216M $26.64B +10% $11.77B $2.97B $7.17B +37 $6.39B
2028 Q1E $19.60B$2.45B$1.46B$525M$218M $24.26B +10% $10.72B $2.67B $6.56B +37 $5.74B
2028 Q2E $22.17B$2.88B$1.74B$536M$219M $27.54B +9% $12.17B $2.99B $7.49B +36 $6.42B
2028 Q3E $21.82B$2.91B$1.88B$545M$221M $27.38B +9% $12.10B $2.93B $7.47B +36 $6.29B
2028 Q4E $22.88B$3.21B$2.05B$555M$223M $28.91B +9% $12.78B $3.06B $7.92B +36 $6.54B
2029 Q1E $21.32B$2.57B$1.59B$564M$224M $26.27B +8% $11.61B $2.74B $7.23B +36 $5.85B
2029 Q2E $24.05B$3.02B$1.88B$572M$226M $29.76B +8% $13.15B $3.07B $8.22B +36 $6.52B
2029 Q3E $23.62B$3.05B$2.04B$580M$227M $29.52B +8% $13.05B $3.01B $8.18B +36 $6.37B
2029 Q4E $24.71B$3.36B$2.22B$588M$228M $31.10B +8% $13.75B $3.14B $8.65B +35 $6.60B
2030 Q1E $22.99B$2.69B$1.71B$596M$230M $28.22B +7% $12.47B $2.82B $7.87B +35 $5.90B
2030 Q2E $25.90B$3.16B$2.03B$603M$231M $31.92B +7% $14.11B $3.16B $8.93B +35 $6.56B
2030 Q3E $25.39B$3.19B$2.19B$611M$233M $31.62B +7% $13.98B $3.10B $8.87B +35 $6.39B
2030 Q4E $26.54B$3.51B$2.38B$618M$234M $33.28B +7% $14.71B $3.23B $9.36B +35 $6.62B
2031 Q1E $24.65B$2.82B$1.84B$625M$235M $30.17B +7% $13.33B $2.90B $8.50B +35 $5.90B
2031 Q2E $27.75B$3.30B$2.17B$632M$237M $34.09B +7% $15.07B $3.25B $9.63B +35 $6.55B

Every row is projected. A year-over-year change is shown only where the quarter it compares against exists — an em dash means there is no comparable quarter, not a flat year.

Track record

Model revisions

Assumptions are marked to reality as each quarter prints. Every change is appended here, with the fair value the model produced at the time, so the model's own history stays visible.

DateChangedFair value thenNote
2026-08-27 all $678.07 Initial publication from the verified research brief on the 2026 Q2 basis quarter reported 5 August 2026. Five therapeutic-area verticals on the restated ASC 606 disaggregation, ten quarters of history, seasonality on cardiometabolic health, oncology and immunology only.