← The Coca-Cola Company

KO · Forward model · Bull case

The Bull case, 20 quarters out

Each segment is projected from its own operating driver, rolled up into consolidated cash flow, and discounted back to a fair value per share. The assumptions below are editable — change them and every number on this page moves with them.

Six verticals on third-party (external) segment revenue. That choice is deliberate: third-party segment revenue sums to consolidated net operating revenues exactly, whereas total segment revenue would need a -$252M eliminations plug. Segment EBITDA margins are therefore struck on third-party revenue so that revenue times margin returns the right EBITDA dollars, and the check holds at the basis quarter - segment EBITDA of $5,178M less the $240M Corporate EBITDA drag is $4,938M, which is reported operating income of $4,672M plus $266M of depreciation and amortisation. History runs ten quarters, 2024 Q1 to 2026 Q2. Eight of those are the two complete calendar-year windows the seasonal factors are fitted on; the 2024 Q4 and 2025 Q4 points in every vertical are derived as full year less nine months and are flagged estimated. Twelve quarters do not exist and never will: Global Ventures was sunset on 1 January 2025 and only 2024 was recast, so the 2023 quarters survive only on the superseded six-segment basis. Two disclosed facts drive the near path and both are modelled explicitly. Coca-Cola's quarters end on a Friday while its year ends on 31 December, so 2026 Q1 carried six more days than 2025 Q1 and 2026 Q4 will carry six fewer than 2025 Q4; every seasonal factor here was fitted on revenue per day for that reason, which also means a fixed four-factor vector cannot track a day count that rotates year to year and about 1.5% of unmodelled quarterly error remains. And the African bottling operations, under definitive agreement to Coca-Cola HBC with closing expected by the end of 2026, are carried as a -74% level step on Bottling Investments dated to the second projected quarter, removing about $1,127M a quarter. Coca-Cola does not disclose that business's standalone revenue; that figure is the average of two independent derivations bounding it between $1.0bn and $1.4bn, it is assumed, and the bear and bull cases sit at the two ends of that range. What is deliberately absent: the IRS litigation, whose potential impact the company puts at $14.0bn with $6.0bn already on deposit and a $529M recorded estimate, is a contingency rather than an operating driver and is not modelled as a margin or growth effect anywhere in this spec. Free cash flow here is EBITDA less capital expenditure less tax on that difference, the engine's uniform definition; it carries no interest expense and no working capital, so it is not comparable with the company's approximately $12.4bn free cash flow guidance and should not be read against it. One tension is worth stating rather than tuning away. Every driver here is the segment's own 2024 Q2 to 2026 Q2 compound quarterly rate, not a guided quarter, so the base path puts 2026 Q3 at $13.39bn, up 7.5% year over year - ahead of what the company's own third-quarter considerations (about a point of currency tailwind against about a point of acquisitions-and-divestitures headwind, on top of organic growth) would imply. The two-year rate was kept because one guided quarter is a worse estimator of a five-year path than eight quarters of segment history; the gap is real and it is the first thing the 2026 Q3 print will test.

Guidance has been raised twice in 2026 and the raises landed on the earnings line rather than on volume. Comparable EPS growth went from 7% to 8% on 10 February, to 8% to 9% on 28 April, to 9% to 10% on 28 July, while organic revenue only moved to the top of an unchanged 4% to 5% range. That is margin and mix. Comparable operating margin reached 35.6% against 34.7%, free cash flow guidance rose to approximately $12.4bn, and the underlying tax rate improved from 20.9% at the February guide to 19.9%. This case takes the bottom of the derived African bottling range and holds the exit multiple at roughly where the shares trade today.

KO REVENUE MODEL

Latest: $15.66B (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $11.30B
2024Q2 $12.36B
2024Q3 $11.85B
2024Q4 $11.54B
2025Q1 $11.13B
2025Q2 $12.54B
2025Q3 $12.46B
2025Q4 $11.82B
2026Q1 $12.47B
2026Q2 $13.38B
2026Q3E $13.42B
2026Q4E $11.34B
2027Q1E $11.77B
2027Q2E $13.05B
2027Q3E $13.08B
2027Q4E $11.93B
2028Q1E $12.37B
2028Q2E $13.70B
2028Q3E $13.72B
2028Q4E $12.51B
2029Q1E $12.95B
2029Q2E $14.34B
2029Q3E $14.36B
2029Q4E $13.09B
2030Q1E $13.54B
2030Q2E $14.99B
2030Q3E $15.02B
2030Q4E $13.68B
2031Q1E $14.15B
2031Q2E $15.66B

What drives each segment

Europe, Middle East & Africa

Growth path
Basis quarter$3.09B
Final quarter$3.77B
Implied CAGR+4%
Share of revenue, final quarter24%
PV of segment cash flow$21.91B

Concentrate and finished-product sales across Europe, Eurasia and the Middle East and Africa, plus Costa (excluding ready-to-drink), innocent and dogadan, which moved here when Global Ventures was sunset on 1 January 2025. $3,087M of third-party revenue in the basis quarter, 23.1% of the group. In 2026 Q2 reported revenue grew 2% on concentrate sales +1, price/mix +1, currency +2 and acquisitions and divestitures -3.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $2.82B Reported
2025 Q4 $2.53B Estimated
2026 Q1 $2.81B Reported
2026 Q2 $3.09B Reported
Concentrate sales to bottling partners in Europe, Eurasia and the Middle East and AfricaCosta, excluding the ready-to-drink businessinnocentdogadanFinished product operations in certain territories
Sequential growth +0.9%/qtr decaying toward +0.6% 0.90% is the 2024 Q2 to 2026 Q2 compound quarterly rate, like calendar quarter to like calendar quarter.
Europe, Middle East & Africa

Latest: $3.77B (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $2.44B
2024Q2 $2.87B
2024Q3 $2.56B
2024Q4 $2.42B
2025Q1 $2.48B
2025Q2 $3.01B
2025Q3 $2.82B
2025Q4 $2.53B
2026Q1 $2.81B
2026Q2 $3.09B
2026Q3E $2.85B
2026Q4E $2.53B
2027Q1E $2.76B
2027Q2E $3.23B
2027Q3E $2.98B
2027Q4E $2.64B
2028Q1E $2.88B
2028Q2E $3.37B
2028Q3E $3.10B
2028Q4E $2.75B
2029Q1E $3.00B
2029Q2E $3.50B
2029Q3E $3.22B
2029Q4E $2.85B
2030Q1E $3.11B
2030Q2E $3.63B
2030Q3E $3.35B
2030Q4E $2.96B
2031Q1E $3.23B
2031Q2E $3.77B

Assumptions & reasoning

  • The 2024 Q4 and 2025 Q4 points are derived, not reported: full-year recast third-party revenue from the FY2025 10-K segment note less the nine-month figure in the matching Q3 10-Q ($10,278M less $7,863M, and $10,833M less $8,307M). They are flagged estimated for that reason.
  • Seasonality is day-normalised before it is fitted, because Coca-Cola's quarters are not equal in length. The amplitude is 0.223 against a worst-case window-to-window spread of 0.043, and both 2024 and 2025 agree on a Q2 peak and a Q4 trough.
  • Reported revenue here is materially more volatile than organic revenue: Turkish lira and Egyptian pound exposure, and a continuing structural headwind from the 2025 sale of the Nigeria finished-product operations.

Latin America

Growth path
Basis quarter$1.84B
Final quarter$2.40B
Implied CAGR+5%
Share of revenue, final quarter15%
PV of segment cash flow$22.54B

Mexico, Brazil and the rest of Latin America, almost entirely concentrate: $1,839M of third-party revenue with no intersegment revenue and no segment capital expenditure at all in the basis quarter. The highest-margin vertical in the company at a 64.5% EBITDA margin. Reported revenue grew 16% in 2026 Q2 on concentrate sales +1 and price/mix +3, with an 11-point currency tailwind doing the rest.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $1.57B Reported
2025 Q4 $1.70B Estimated
2026 Q1 $1.68B Reported
2026 Q2 $1.84B Reported
Concentrate sales to bottling partners in Mexico, Brazil and the rest of Latin America
Sequential growth +1.3%/qtr decaying toward +0.9% 1.35% is the 2024 Q2 to 2026 Q2 compound quarterly rate; the trailing four-quarter rate of 3.75% is currency, not trend.
Latin America

Latest: $2.40B (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $1.53B
2024Q2 $1.65B
2024Q3 $1.64B
2024Q4 $1.65B
2025Q1 $1.48B
2025Q2 $1.59B
2025Q3 $1.57B
2025Q4 $1.70B
2026Q1 $1.68B
2026Q2 $1.84B
2026Q3E $1.87B
2026Q4E $1.90B
2027Q1E $1.93B
2027Q2E $1.96B
2027Q3E $1.98B
2027Q4E $2.01B
2028Q1E $2.04B
2028Q2E $2.07B
2028Q3E $2.10B
2028Q4E $2.12B
2029Q1E $2.15B
2029Q2E $2.18B
2029Q3E $2.20B
2029Q4E $2.23B
2030Q1E $2.26B
2030Q2E $2.29B
2030Q3E $2.32B
2030Q4E $2.35B
2031Q1E $2.37B
2031Q2E $2.40B

Assumptions & reasoning

  • Left aseasonal on the evidence, not for want of trying: the fitted amplitude is 0.041 against a worst-case window-to-window spread of 0.038, so the spread is the signal. A four-factor vector here would encode noise.
  • This is the most currency-exposed line in the model. Of the 16% reported growth in the basis quarter, 11 points were currency and 5 were organic, which is why the terminal rate is set at 0.9% a quarter rather than anywhere near the trailing reported pace.
  • The terminal EBITDA margin is trimmed 1.5 points below the 64.5% basis quarter for the same reason: that margin was struck on revenue an 11-point currency tailwind had already inflated.

North America

Growth path
Basis quarter$5.41B
Final quarter$7.05B
Implied CAGR+5%
Share of revenue, final quarter45%
PV of segment cash flow$30.87B

The United States and Canada, the largest vertical at $5,405M of third-party revenue, 40.4% of the group, and the only geographic segment carrying material capital expenditure at 3.3% of its own revenue. In 2026 Q2 reported revenue grew 7% on concentrate sales +3 and price/mix +4, with no currency and no structural effect at all: the cleanest organic line in the company.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $5.25B Reported
2025 Q4 $4.94B Estimated
2026 Q1 $4.89B Reported
2026 Q2 $5.41B Reported
Concentrate sales to United States and Canadian bottlersFinished product operations including fairlife, BODYARMOR, Minute Maid and fountain syrupsMonster distribution coordination fees
Sequential growth +1.3%/qtr decaying toward +0.9% 1.31% is the 2024 Q2 to 2026 Q2 compound quarterly rate on the deseasonalised level.
North America

Latest: $7.05B (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $4.22B
2024Q2 $4.87B
2024Q3 $5.04B
2024Q4 $4.73B
2025Q1 $4.36B
2025Q2 $5.03B
2025Q3 $5.25B
2025Q4 $4.94B
2026Q1 $4.89B
2026Q2 $5.41B
2026Q3E $5.71B
2026Q4E $5.19B
2027Q1E $5.08B
2027Q2E $5.74B
2027Q3E $6.05B
2027Q4E $5.50B
2028Q1E $5.37B
2028Q2E $6.07B
2028Q3E $6.39B
2028Q4E $5.80B
2029Q1E $5.66B
2029Q2E $6.39B
2029Q3E $6.72B
2029Q4E $6.10B
2030Q1E $5.94B
2030Q2E $6.71B
2030Q3E $7.06B
2030Q4E $6.40B
2031Q1E $6.24B
2031Q2E $7.05B

Assumptions & reasoning

  • The cleanest seasonal shape in the group: amplitude 0.147 against a worst-case window-to-window spread of 0.013, roughly eleven times the noise, with the summer peak and the Q1 trough repeating in both windows.
  • The 2025 BodyArmor trademark impairment of $960M was attributed to a slowing projected long-term growth rate for the category and an intensifying competitive environment. That is a disclosed management markdown of one of this vertical's growth engines and it is not separately modelled here.
  • United States unit case volume is about 16% of worldwide volume against roughly 40% of revenue, so this line depends on price and mix holding rather than on cases.

Asia Pacific

Growth path
Basis quarter$1.49B
Final quarter$1.85B
Implied CAGR+4%
Share of revenue, final quarter12%
PV of segment cash flow$11.31B

India, China, Japan, ASEAN and the rest of Asia Pacific: $1,487M of third-party revenue plus $94M of intersegment revenue that is deliberately excluded here. Volume-led and price-poor. In 2026 Q2 concentrate sales grew 11% against price/mix of -9%, for reported revenue growth of 1% on unit case volume growth of 8%. India and China led the company's 5% global volume growth.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $1.44B Reported
2025 Q4 $1.10B Estimated
2026 Q1 $1.43B Reported
2026 Q2 $1.49B Reported
Concentrate sales to bottling partners in India, China, Japan and ASEANFinished product operations in certain territories
Sequential growth +0.8%/qtr decaying toward +0.8% 0.79% is the 2024 Q2 to 2026 Q2 compound quarterly rate on the deseasonalised level.
Asia Pacific

Latest: $1.85B (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $1.26B
2024Q2 $1.40B
2024Q3 $1.28B
2024Q4 $1.18B
2025Q1 $1.32B
2025Q2 $1.46B
2025Q3 $1.44B
2025Q4 $1.10B
2026Q1 $1.43B
2026Q2 $1.49B
2026Q3E $1.43B
2026Q4E $1.16B
2027Q1E $1.44B
2027Q2E $1.55B
2027Q3E $1.49B
2027Q4E $1.21B
2028Q1E $1.50B
2028Q2E $1.62B
2028Q3E $1.56B
2028Q4E $1.26B
2029Q1E $1.57B
2029Q2E $1.70B
2029Q3E $1.63B
2029Q4E $1.32B
2030Q1E $1.64B
2030Q2E $1.77B
2030Q3E $1.70B
2030Q4E $1.38B
2031Q1E $1.71B
2031Q2E $1.85B

Assumptions & reasoning

  • The Q4 factor is the least stable number in this model. The two annual windows put it at 0.886 and 0.783, a spread of 0.103 against an amplitude of 0.261. The shipped vector uses the 0.835 average: the direction of the Q4 trough is reliable, its depth is not, and the vertical is 11% of group revenue so the bounded error is about 0.6% of the group.
  • Volume is arriving and revenue per case is not. Price/mix has been negative and the terminal growth rate of 0.8% a quarter assumes that continues to offset most of the volume leverage rather than assuming it resolves.
  • Segment capital expenditure was zero in the basis quarter, so the capex intensity is an honest zero rather than an omission.

Bottling Investments

Growth path
Basis quarter$1.52B
Final quarter$554M
Implied CAGR-18%
Share of revenue, final quarter4%
PV of segment cash flow$671M

The consolidated bottling operations Coca-Cola still owns outright, principally Coca-Cola Beverages Africa, which is under a definitive agreement to be sold to Coca-Cola HBC with closing expected by the end of 2026. $1,525M of third-party revenue at an 11.6% EBITDA margin and 6.0% capital intensity: the finished-product economics the rest of the company has spent a decade refranchising away. This line shrinks structurally, not cyclically.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $1.34B Reported
2025 Q4 $1.51B Estimated
2026 Q1 $1.64B Reported
2026 Q2 $1.52B Reported
Coca-Cola Beverages Africa, classified as held for saleOther consolidated bottling operations
Sequential growth -0.1%/qtr decaying toward +0.0% -0.10% is the 2024 Q2 to 2026 Q2 compound quarterly rate: this book has been flat to shrinking for two years.
Bottling Investments

Latest: $554M (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $1.81B
2024Q2 $1.54B
2024Q3 $1.31B
2024Q4 $1.55B
2025Q1 $1.46B
2025Q2 $1.41B
2025Q3 $1.34B
2025Q4 $1.51B
2026Q1 $1.64B
2026Q2 $1.52B
2026Q3E $1.53B
2026Q4E $527M
2027Q1E $528M
2027Q2E $529M
2027Q3E $531M
2027Q4E $532M
2028Q1E $534M
2028Q2E $535M
2028Q3E $537M
2028Q4E $538M
2029Q1E $540M
2029Q2E $541M
2029Q3E $543M
2029Q4E $545M
2030Q1E $546M
2030Q2E $548M
2030Q3E $549M
2030Q4E $551M
2031Q1E $553M
2031Q2E $554M

Assumptions & reasoning

  • The one-off step of -74% dated to the second projected quarter is the African bottling deconsolidation. It removes $1,127M of quarterly revenue, which is the average of the two independent bounds the research derived: $1,199M from the shrinking full-year acquisitions-and-divestitures guidance, and about $1,060M from the second-half consensus arithmetic. Coca-Cola does not disclose Coca-Cola Beverages Africa's standalone revenue, so this figure is assumed inside a $1.0-1.4bn range and nothing more.
  • The step lands after one quarter rather than at the basis quarter because the company's own third-quarter considerations carry only about one point of acquisitions-and-divestitures headwind. The exit is a fourth-quarter event on what has been filed, and dating it is what keeps 2026 Q3 from being written down a quarter early.
  • Left aseasonal deliberately. The fitted amplitude of 0.239 sits against a worst-case window spread of 0.129 and the Q1 and Q3 factors move in opposite directions between the two windows: that variation is refranchising in Nigeria, India and Ghana and the Africa held-for-sale reclassification, not season.
  • The bear and bull cases move this step to the two ends of the derived range rather than moving a growth rate, because a deconsolidation is a level event on a date and not a rate.

Corporate

Growth path
Basis quarter$37M
Final quarter$44M
Implied CAGR+4%
Share of revenue, final quarter0%
PV of segment cash flow$7M

The third-party revenue booked in the Corporate reconciling line, $37M in the basis quarter and 0.28% of the group. It is carried as a vertical only so that the six lines sum exactly to reported consolidated revenue with no elimination plug. The Corporate cost centre itself, a $256M quarterly operating loss, sits in corporate overhead, and the $101M of Corporate capital expenditure sits in the corporate programme.

Last four quarters
2025 Q3 $34M Reported
2025 Q4 $45M Estimated
2026 Q1 $32M Reported
2026 Q2 $37M Reported
Corporate third-party revenue
Sequential growth +0.7%/qtr decaying toward +0.5% 0.70% is the 2024 Q2 to 2026 Q2 compound quarterly rate on a line that is a rounding item.
Corporate

Latest: $44M (2031Q2E)

Period Value
2024Q1 $31M
2024Q2 $35M
2024Q3 $21M
2024Q4 $23M
2025Q1 $26M
2025Q2 $39M
2025Q3 $34M
2025Q4 $45M
2026Q1 $32M
2026Q2 $37M
2026Q3E $37M
2026Q4E $38M
2027Q1E $38M
2027Q2E $38M
2027Q3E $39M
2027Q4E $39M
2028Q1E $39M
2028Q2E $40M
2028Q3E $40M
2028Q4E $40M
2029Q1E $41M
2029Q2E $41M
2029Q3E $42M
2029Q4E $42M
2030Q1E $42M
2030Q2E $43M
2030Q3E $43M
2030Q4E $43M
2031Q1E $44M
2031Q2E $44M

Assumptions & reasoning

  • Carried at a zero EBITDA margin on purpose. The Corporate operating loss of $256M less $16M of Corporate depreciation is a $240M EBITDA drag, and it is modelled once, as the 1.79% group overhead rate. Giving this line a margin as well would double-count it.
  • Capital intensity is zero here for the same reason. The $101M of Corporate capital expenditure disclosed in the basis quarter would be 273% of a $37M revenue line, which is a ratio artefact rather than economics, so it is carried as a flat corporate programme instead.
  • Left aseasonal: on a line that ranges between $21M and $45M the fitted amplitude of 0.325 sits against a window spread of 0.394, so the noise exceeds the signal outright.
Scenarios

Where each case comes from

Bear case — primary sources

The primary sources this case is built from — filings, calls and posts. Where they are claims by an interested party rather than disclosures, every number in the Bear column is what happens if they are taken at face value.

Braun case — primary sources

The primary sources this case is built from — filings, calls and posts. Where they are claims by an interested party rather than disclosures, every number in the Braun column is what happens if they are taken at face value.

Valuation

From cash flow to fair value

Present value of free cash flow, 20 quarters$65.46B
Terminal-year revenue$58.52B
Terminal-year EBITDA$23.61B
Exit multiple, on ebitda24.0x
Terminal value$566.65B
Discounted at 8.0% a year, terminal value becomes$385.65B
Enterprise value$451.12B
Net cash-$27.17B
Equity value$423.95B
Shares4.30B
Fair value per share$98.53
Against the current price of $89.06+11%

At $90.08 and $27.17bn of net debt the enterprise is worth $414.7bn, which is 24.2 times trailing EBITDA once the $1,274M African bottling charge is added back, and 26.1 times without that adjustment. The 21.0x exit is three turns below the adjusted figure: a mature staple should not be assumed to hold a peak multiple five years out. PepsiCo's 12.5x is not the target - that is a business-model gap between a concentrate licensor and a consolidated snacks and bottling group, not a mispricing - and the answer here is more sensitive to this multiple than to any operating assumption in the spec.

Read the other way round: at $89.06 the market is paying 21.5x terminal-year revenue, holding every other assumption on this page fixed. That is the number to argue about.

Capital programmes

Capex outside the verticals

Each vertical's capex is a share of its own revenue, which is the right shape for capacity that scales with sales. These are not that: fixed-size programmes with their own schedule that spend whether or not any segment grows. They are added on top, and they are why free cash flow dips in the years below.

Corporate capital expenditure

2026 Q3 → 2031 Q2
Programme total$2.02B
Cash out$101M/qtr

The $101M of capital expenditure disclosed against the Corporate reconciling line in 2026 Q2, held flat across the horizon. It is carried here rather than inside a vertical because it belongs to none of them: as a percentage of the $37M of Corporate third-party revenue it would be 273%, an artefact of the denominator. This is not an invented programme - it is a disclosed quarterly outlay given a shape the engine can carry.

Quarter by quarter

The projected path

Quarter Europe, Middle East & AfricaLatin AmericaNorth AmericaAsia PacificBottling InvestmentsCorporate Revenue YoY EBITDA Capex FCF R40 PV of FCF
2026 Q3E $2.85B$1.87B$5.71B$1.43B$1.53B$37M $13.42B +8% $5.06B $424M $3.72B +35 $3.65B
2026 Q4E $2.53B$1.90B$5.19B$1.16B$527M$38M $11.34B -4% $4.55B $343M $3.37B +26 $3.24B
2027 Q1E $2.76B$1.93B$5.08B$1.44B$528M$38M $11.77B -6% $4.76B $343M $3.53B +24 $3.34B
2027 Q2E $3.23B$1.96B$5.74B$1.55B$529M$38M $13.05B -2% $5.24B $372M $3.90B +27 $3.61B
2027 Q3E $2.98B$1.98B$6.05B$1.49B$531M$39M $13.08B -3% $5.23B $378M $3.89B +27 $3.53B
2027 Q4E $2.64B$2.01B$5.50B$1.21B$532M$39M $11.93B +5% $4.79B $355M $3.56B +35 $3.17B
2028 Q1E $2.88B$2.04B$5.37B$1.50B$534M$39M $12.37B +5% $5.00B $354M $3.72B +35 $3.25B
2028 Q2E $3.37B$2.07B$6.07B$1.62B$535M$40M $13.70B +5% $5.51B $385M $4.11B +35 $3.52B
2028 Q3E $3.10B$2.10B$6.39B$1.56B$537M$40M $13.72B +5% $5.49B $392M $4.09B +35 $3.44B
2028 Q4E $2.75B$2.12B$5.80B$1.26B$538M$40M $12.51B +5% $5.03B $367M $3.74B +35 $3.08B
2029 Q1E $3.00B$2.15B$5.66B$1.57B$540M$41M $12.95B +5% $5.25B $366M $3.91B +35 $3.16B
2029 Q2E $3.50B$2.18B$6.39B$1.70B$541M$41M $14.34B +5% $5.77B $398M $4.31B +35 $3.42B
2029 Q3E $3.22B$2.20B$6.72B$1.63B$543M$42M $14.36B +5% $5.76B $405M $4.29B +35 $3.34B
2029 Q4E $2.85B$2.23B$6.10B$1.32B$545M$42M $13.09B +5% $5.27B $379M $3.92B +35 $2.99B
2030 Q1E $3.11B$2.26B$5.94B$1.64B$546M$42M $13.54B +5% $5.49B $378M $4.10B +35 $3.07B
2030 Q2E $3.63B$2.29B$6.71B$1.77B$548M$43M $14.99B +5% $6.04B $411M $4.51B +35 $3.32B
2030 Q3E $3.35B$2.32B$7.06B$1.70B$549M$43M $15.02B +5% $6.02B $418M $4.49B +34 $3.24B
2030 Q4E $2.96B$2.35B$6.40B$1.38B$551M$43M $13.68B +5% $5.52B $391M $4.11B +35 $2.91B
2031 Q1E $3.23B$2.37B$6.24B$1.71B$553M$44M $14.15B +5% $5.75B $390M $4.29B +35 $2.98B
2031 Q2E $3.77B$2.40B$7.05B$1.85B$554M$44M $15.66B +4% $6.32B $425M $4.72B +35 $3.21B

Every row is projected. A year-over-year change is shown only where the quarter it compares against exists — an em dash means there is no comparable quarter, not a flat year.

Track record

Model revisions

Assumptions are marked to reality as each quarter prints. Every change is appended here, with the fair value the model produced at the time, so the model's own history stays visible.

DateChangedFair value thenNote
2026-08-27 verticals, corporate, valuation, scenarios $80.21 First published model, built from the verified 2026 Q2 research brief. Six third-party revenue lines - the five reportable segments plus the Corporate reconciling line - which sum to reported consolidated revenue in all ten historical quarters with no elimination plug. Day-normalised seasonality on EMEA, North America and Asia Pacific; the other three verticals left aseasonal on the evidence. The African bottling deconsolidation is a dated level step on Bottling Investments rather than a growth rate.